Informatics Publishing Limited

R. K. Maikhuri , K. S. Rao , Kusum Chauhan , L. S. Kandari , P. Prasad , C. Rajasekaran

Abstract

Since times immemorial , plants have served mankind by providing food , shelter , medicine etc. In recent times the demand for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) has increased rapidly in the global market. Domestic sales are growing at a rate of 20% per annum , while the international market for herbal products is estimated to be growing 7% per annum. Due to rapidly increasing demand of MAPs , a number of species are known to have become rare , endangered , threatened and extinct. Every year thousands of tonnes of these plant resources are being exploited from the natural habitat either legally or illegally without fair benefits accruing to the local people. Indian Himalayan region is the storehouse for the MAPs , besides bearing the largest economic resource being tapped , but local communities get only a tiny fraction of the profits. It is historically a secretive trade and little is known about who collects , who trades , who profits and whether there is over-harvesting. It is established that the basic causes of unsustainable harvesting are ignorance , poverty and lack of alternative livelihood support systcms accompanied by encroachments by outsiders. Sustainable harvest with proper buy-back gaurantee will provide considerable off-farm employment opportunities to the local inhabitants. Traditional and local communities are the true resource managers with deciding roles in the conservation , management , use and development of MAPs in the Himalayan region. The conservation and management of MAPs in their natural habitat require active involvement of the local communities at every step. Therefore , effective training and capacity building focused on domestication/cultivation and conservation , improved marketing systems and processing/semi processing , bio-prospecting and value addition locally are the appropriate short and long term solution to assure conservation and management and sustainable livelihoods to the local communities.

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Kala Chandra Prakash , K. S. Rao , R. K. Maikhuri , K. S. Negi

Abstract

An exploration trip was carried out in ,the Valley of Flowers National Park and its adjacent areas. The purpose of this study was to monitor the change in biodiversity over the years and collection of germplasm for long-term conservation.

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Urmila Rana , K. S. Rao

Abstract

In this study better germination was obtained by mechanical scarification for Acacia farnesiana, A. benthemii, Albizia lebbek and Cassia fistula. Though it will be difficult to implement in nursery requiring large stocks, the effeort is recommended as germination rates increased many fold over other treatments and control, thus requiring less seed for achieving large uniform stock.

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D. N. Rao ¹, K. S. Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Nuclear Instruments Division, Electronics Corporation of India Ltd., Hyderabad, IN

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Phani Kumar Katuri ¹, K. S. Rao ²

Affiliations
1 School of Management Studies, Vignan University, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Commerce & Management Studies, Andhra University, Vishakapatmam, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The present study focuses on operational efficiency enhancement of university transport system with special reference to Vignan University, Guntur. Vignan University was established in the year of 2008 in remote village named Vadlamudi. The university gets the students from nearer towns. For providing better facilities to the student's community, university started transport system and it have not been going on smoothly. University management is not satisfied with the performance of transport wing in terms of profits and operational efficiency. This study is intended to examine the operational costs and optimal bus facility network allocation. For this study, data are collected from both primary and secondary sources. Data are analysed on the basis of cost-benefit analysis. The results revealed that variations taken place in operating costs, transit operations could save better to management by reallocate resources as per operational cost changes. Transit network setting is one of the causes for incurring high costs. The data analysis reveals that there is a scope for increasing the profits by operational efficiency enhancement. Findings and suggestions of this study may be helpful to the university policy makers for developing more effective and better transport system.

Keywords

Operational Efficiency, Transport System, Optimum Net Work, Revenue, Maintenance Cost.

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Suresh Kumar ¹, A. Raizada ¹, H. Biswas ¹, A. S. Morade ¹, K. K. Reddy ¹, W. Murlidhar ¹, K. S. Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Bellary 583 104, IN

Abstract

The policy decision to provide free or subsidized electricity has been a key driver for widespread groundwater exploitation in India. Groundwater utilization has immensely enhanced crop productivity and employment generation, which has led to poverty reduction and rural prosperity. To boost rural development in the 1970s, state government, initially began unmetered electricity supply for irrigation, which is still being continued in different states as part of their rural development policy. Policy planners and administrators are now faced with the challenge to design and implement a workable mechanism to manage the evergrowing complexity of groundwater - energy nexus. Groundwater extraction has already surpassed sustainable utilization limits in most parts of India.

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